Monday, September 16, 2024

Medal of Honor Monday: Navy Cmdr. Arthur M. Preston

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Medal of Honor Monday: Navy Cmdr. Arthur M. Preston
Sept. 16, 2024 | By David Umoru Jr.

During World War II, Navy Cmdr. Arthur Murray Preston risked his life to save a pilot while navigating his own seaborne vessels through heavy gunfire. This remarkable display of courage in the Pacific Theater led him to receive the Medal of Honor.

Preston was born on Nov. 1, 1913, in Washington, D.C., to Ord and Carolyn Preston. He had a younger brother, also named Ord.

Preston graduated from Yale University and the University of Virginia before going on to practice law in his hometown. However, in September 1940, he chose to enlist in the Navy's V-7 training program, which accelerated the expansion of the service's officer corps.

After completing his training at Northwestern University's Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School, Preston was commissioned as an ensign in March 1941. His early naval career included service with Motor Boat Submarine Chaser Squadron One, followed by advanced training at the U.S. Naval Torpedo School and the Packard Marine Engine School. He was assigned to Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One in Hawaii by August 1941 and he was there when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, a turning point that propelled the United States into World War II.

Preston's service continued to evolve, and he was promoted to lieutenant by the end of 1942. After a stateside stint as an instructor at Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 4 in Newport, Rhode Island, he took command of Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 33 in October 1943. Under his command, the squadron was deployed to the South Pacific.

On Sept. 16, 1944, while operating in the hazardous waters near Wasile Bay off Halmahera Island, Preston embarked on a rescue mission. A Navy pilot, Ensign Harold A. Thompson, had been shot down near the Japanese-held coast.

Leading two patrol torpedo boats, Preston navigated through 60 miles of heavily mined waters. Facing intense enemy fire that forced his team to retreat twice, they successfully rescued Thompson and returned to safety at high speed. For his "conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity" during the mission, Preston was bestowed the Medal of Honor.

Later in 1944, Preston's squadron played a crucial role in preparing for the landings during the Battle of Leyte Gulf and the Battle of Surigao Strait. By December, he had become senior squadron commander for motor torpedo boats in the Philippine Islands and operations officer for all PT boats in the Leyte area. He continued to participate in significant operations throughout the region, including landings in the Southern Visayas region during the winter and spring of 1945.

Preston received the Medal of Honor from President Harry S. Truman on Dec. 19, 1947, during a White House ceremony. Preston's wife, Elizabeth, whom he married in 1941, celebrated with him. The pair went on to have two sons.

After the war, Preston returned to the U.S. and served as aide and flag secretary to the commandant of the Fifth Naval District at Norfolk, Virginia. In July 1945, he was promoted to lieutenant commander, and later that year, he was released from active duty.

Preston resumed his law practice in Washington, D.C., but remained connected to the Navy in the inactive reserves. In recognition of his wartime service, he was promoted to commander upon his retirement in 1953.

Preston passed away on Jan. 7, 1968, and was laid to rest with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery.

His Medal of Honor can be found on display at the Patriots Point Naval & Maritime Museum in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina.

This article is part of a weekly series called "Medal of Honor Monday," in which we highlight one of the more than 3,500 Medal of Honor recipients who have received the U.S. military's highest medal for valor.

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Sunday, September 15, 2024

Austin, First Lady, Tour Pre-K Program at Maxwell Air Force Base

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Austin, First Lady, Tour Pre-K Program at Maxwell Air Force Base
Sept. 15, 2024 | By C. Todd Lopez

Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III and First Lady Dr. Jill Biden met Friday morning at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama, to witness how prekindergarten courses there are going at Maxwell Elementary and Middle School. 

In March 2023, Austin announced that the Defense Department would expand full-time, universal prekindergarten to all Department of Defense Education Activity schools both in the United States and abroad. The effort came as part of Austin's "Taking Care of Our People" effort, which kicked off in November 2021. 

At the school, Austin and Biden observed how children as young as four years old participated in a variety of activities that were part of the prekindergarten educational program. Lessons on alphabet familiarization and block-building were included. Some students also sang a song for the secretary and first lady. 

Following their visit with children at the school, Biden and Austin spoke to an audience of service members about both the prekindergarten program and the latest set of "Taking Care of Our People" efforts which were announced concurrent with their visit. 

"If we want kids to succeed in school and their careers, if we want to set them on a lifelong path for learning, we need to invest in them from the very beginning," Biden said. "We're here today to celebrate something big: military kids at Maxwell Air Force Base, and at 80 military schools across the country and abroad, now have access to full-day prekindergarten." 

Universal prekindergarten programs, Biden said, are a "defining issue" for the United States. 

"What's happening at Maxwell is part of the blueprint for making high quality preschool available to every three- and four-year-old in America," she said. 

Austin also detailed the latest "Taking Care of Our People" efforts, which are spelled out in detail in a memorandum titled "Our Enduring Duty to America's Service Members and Their Families." It is the fourth memorandum since November 2021 to detail efforts by the Defense Department to improve the quality of life for service members and their families. 

"We're setting up health care flexible spending accounts to help cover costs like deductibles, co-pays, prescription glasses, or braces," Austin said. "We're investing even more in our childcare workforce, so that we can attract and retain the best professionals to care for your kids." 

Military spouses often face a particular challenge finding employment because the military lifestyle means frequent moves which make it difficult to commit to a single employer or to develop a career. That inability to find work makes life more difficult for families who may depend on having a dual-income household. This concern is also addressed in the latest set of initiatives. 

"For our military spouses, I'm expanding eligibility for the My Career Advancement Account program, which provides financial assistance to pursue a professional license or an associate's degree," Austin said. 

Frequent permanent change of station moves can be costly for military families, and Austin said expansions of the temporary lodging expense and the temporary lodging allowance are expected to help. 

"Finally, to help our people stay connected — and to move toward a Wi-Fi-connected joint force — we're rolling out access to free Wi-Fi in select barracks, starting with new pilot projects and building out." 

Also announced Friday were efforts to lower the cost of procuring uniforms for enlisted service members and to improve quality of life conditions at remote and isolated installations. 

These most recent efforts are part of an ongoing program Austin spearheaded early in his tenure as secretary of defense. 

"When I became Secretary of Defense, I made taking care of our people one of my top priorities," he said. "My team and I started by just listening. And we asked, at all levels and across all services: What can we do better? What would make your lives easier?" 

To find the best answers to those questions, Austin said, the Defense Department solicited ideas and suggestions directly from service members and their families. 

"We heard an outpouring of ideas — suggestions directly from service members and their families, just like you," he said. "And over the past three-and-a-half years, my team and I have listened to you. We've rolled up our sleeves and turned your ideas into real progress." 

While at Maxwell, Austin also met with several dozen airmen stationed there to talk with them about his efforts and to solicit from them their own ideas about how quality of life can be improved for service members. 

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Alert: Unchecked AI threatens democracy, warns UN chief

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Alert 15 September 2024
Unchecked AI threatens democracy, warns UN chief
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Left unchecked, artificial intelligence (AI) could destabilize democratic systems by spreading disinformation, fueling hate speech and distorting public opinion through deepfakes, the UN Secretary-General has warned.

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Medal of Honor Monday: Navy Cmdr. Arthur M. Preston

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