Friday, May 1, 2026

Prussian Officer Established Drill Manual Used in American Revolutionary War

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U.S. Department of War: Feature
Prussian Officer Established Drill Manual Used in American Revolutionary War
May 1, 2026 | By David Vergun

 

Drill plays a fundamental role in the military. It serves to build discipline, obedience, unit pride and cohesion, orderly and efficient movement, honor traditions and inspire leader development. 

As America observes 250 years of freedom, here's a look back on the development of drill in the American Revolutionary War. 

 

The development of drill is credited to Continental Army Maj. Gen. Baron von Steuben, who taught it to soldiers at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, at the request of Gen. George Washington, commander of the Continental Army. Von Steuben learned drill while serving in the Prussian army from 1746 to 1763 as an aide-de-camp of Frederick the Great. Incredibly, he spoke no English, only French and German, so he was always accompanied by an interpreter. 

After training the soldiers, von Steuben wrote the "Regulations for the Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United States," commonly known as the "Blue Book." This manual was the foundation of discipline, drill and ceremony in the Army. He wrote the manual in French, which was then translated into English. 

In addition to drill and ceremony instructions, the Blue Book places in writing the duties of noncommissioned officers. These updated guidelines are still in use today, in Field Manual 7-22.7, The Army Noncommissioned Officer Guide and Training Circular 3-21.5. The other services have their own NCO manuals, which share many similarities. 

This manual established the military training and maneuvers that helped the armed forces become the premier fighting force that it is today. 

Von Steuben fought in several major battles and commanded one of the three divisions of the Continental Army at Yorktown in 1781. In 1783, he helped demobilize the Army, and resigned his commission in 1784. 

After the war, he became a naturalized U.S. citizen and lived on an estate in New York's Oneida County. He was born on Sept. 17, 1730, and died Nov. 28, 1794, at the age of 64. 

 

Every September, von Steuben Day parades take place throughout the nation in conjunction with German festivals, including Oktoberfest. 

A number of Navy warships carried the name USS Von Steuben, the most recent being a Cold War-era ballistic missile submarine. Also, some American cities and counties bear his name, and there are statues of him in various locations. 

The United States Army Old Guard Fife and Drum Corps soldiers stationed at Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall, Virginia, wear Revolutionary War period uniforms and perform drill movements that were used during that war. 

As an official representative of the Army, the Fife and Drum Corps averages approximately 500 performances annually. It has entertained millions of people in major parades, pageants and historical celebrations throughout the country and has served America as a goodwill ambassador around the world.  

The Fife and Drum Corps has performed at major sporting events including NCAA bowl games, NBA games, NFL games — including Super Bowl XVI — the Kentucky Derby, the Indianapolis 500 and the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York. 

In support of the president, the Fife and Drum Corps performs for all arrival ceremonies at the White House for foreign heads of state and has participated in every presidential inauguration parade since that of President John F. Kennedy in 1961. 

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Hegseth, Caine Say Budget Increases Lethality, Strengthens Defense Industrial Base

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U.S. War Department: News
Hegseth, Caine Say Budget Increases Lethality, Strengthens Defense Industrial Base
April 29, 2026 |  By David Vergun

The War Department's $1.5 trillion fiscal year 2027 budget request reflects the urgency of the moment, addressing both the deferment of long-standing problems, as well as positioning the joint force for both the current and the future fight, Secretary of War Pete Hegseth said today during a House Armed Services Committee hearing in Washington.

The secretary said the defense industrial base has been hollowed out by years of offshoring and outsourcing and is riddled with cost overruns, adding that under the leadership of this administration, the department is helping put it back on a wartime footing.  

"[This] budget will ensure the United States continues to maintain the world's most powerful and capable military, as we grapple with a complex threat environment across multiple theaters," Hegseth said. 

The budget includes a pay increase for service members. Specifically, a 7% increase for military personnel in the grade of E-5 and below, a 6% increase for personnel in the grades of E-6 to O-3 and a 5% increase for members in the grade of O-4 and above.  

It also eliminates all poor or failing barracks.  

"Quality of life for our troops is front and center in this budget," Hegseth said. "We have flipped the Pentagon acquisition process from a bureaucratic model to a business model 180 [degrees], decisively moving from an acquisition environment — paralyzed by bureaucratic red tape — into an outcomes-driven organization, focused on delivering the most [impact] at cost [and] at scale for taxpayer dollars."

He noted that those changes would be achieved through multiyear procurement agreements and smart business deals for critical munitions and capabilities. 

"We've sent an unambiguous demand signal to industry partners to build more and build faster. The result has been a surge, a revitalization of our great factories and a massive reinvestment in the skilled American workers who serve as the industrial muscle behind our warriors," he said. 

The secretary said U.S. companies are investing in America with their own money and, their own capital, adding that this has never been done before and is long overdue.  

"We are firing up the American economic engine, and at every level of our defense industrial base. Every policy we pursue, every budgetary item we request, serves to ensure the department remains laser-focused on increasing lethality and survivability of our forces from the front lines to the factory floors," Hegseth said.

Air Force Gen. Dan Caine, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, also testified and said the department needs timely, predictable and sustained investment.  

The budget is critical to modernizing the joint force and ensuring that whatever threats emerge in the future, warfighters are ready to meet those challenges and defend the nation, Caine said.  

The chairman reiterated Hegseth's comments on the need to recharge the defense industrial base to ensure military readiness. 

"I have the absolute trust in the extraordinary men and women who come and volunteer to serve our nation within our joint force. They execute the missions quietly every day and, coupled with the American spirit, out-think, out-compete and relentlessly innovate," Caine said. 

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Air pollution in the Mother City: More than 40% of Capetonians face severe health risks

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